Quaternary ammonium cusbadasi badbaado leh ayaa loogu isticmaali karaa jeermiska jeermiskabeeralayda, laakiin waa in fiiro gaar ah loo yeesho habka isticmaalka saxda ah iyo xoogga saarista si looga fogaado waxyeellada noolaha biyaha.

1,Waa maxay milixda ammonium quaternary
Quaternary ammonium cusbowaa jeermis-dhaqaale, wax ku ool ah, oo si weyn loo isticmaalo oo leh qaacidada kiimikada (CnH2n+1) (CH3) 3N+X -, halka X - ay noqon karto Cl -, Br -, I -, SO42-, iwm
2,Mabda'a jeermiska dila eequaternary ammonium cusbada
Mabda'a jeermiska ee milixyada ammonium quaternary waa in la burburiyo xuubka unugga iyo borotiinnada bakteeriyada, taasoo keenta inay lumiyaan awooddooda inay koraan oo ay taraan. Saamaynta jeermiska ee milixyada ammonium-ka ee quaternary waxay la xiriirtaa arrimo ay ka mid yihiin diiradda, qiimaha pH, wakhtiga xidhiidhka, iyo heerkulka.
3,Sida saxda ah ee loo isticmaalo milixyada ammonium quaternary
1. Xakamaynta xooga saarida
Marka milixyada ammonium-ka ee afar-geesoodka ah loo isticmaalo jeermi-ka-hortagga beer-biyoodka, xoogga-saarku wuxuu u baahan yahay in la xakameeyo iyadoo loo eegayo cabbirka iyo adkaanta jidhka biyaha. Guud ahaan, isticmaalka fiirsashada 0.1% -0.2% quaternary ammonium milix ayaa si wax ku ool ah u jeermi karta, laakiin kama dhaafi karto 0.5%.
2. Wakhtiga xidhiidhka
Markaad isticmaalayso milixyada ammonium-ka quaternary ee jeermiska-jeermiska, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la hubiyo xiriir buuxa oo lala yeesho biyaha iyo biyaha. Guud ahaan waxa lagu taliyaa in jeermiska laga dilo 30 daqiiqo ilaa 2 saacadood.
3. Xakamaynta soo noqnoqda
Markaad isticmaalayso milixyada ammonium-ka quaternary ee jeermiska-jeermiska, inta jeer ee jeermiska ayaa sidoo kale loo baahan yahay in la xakameeyo. Isticmaalka xad dhaafka ah wuxuu dhaawac u geysan karaa deegaanka deegaanka biyaha, waana inuusan guud ahaan dhaafin hal mar todobaadkii.
4. taxaddar
1. Ka hortag isticmaalka xad dhaafka ah
Isticmaalka xad dhaafka ah ee milixyada ammonium-ka ee quaternary waxay kordhin kartaa waxa ku jira nitrogen ammonia iyo nitrogen ee ku jira jirka biyaha, taas oo saameynaysa deegaanka deegaanka ee jirka biyaha oo u horseedaya dhibaatooyin sida dhimashada noolaha biyaha.
2. Iska ilaali inaad ku darto daawooyinka kale
Quaternary ammonium cusbada waa in aan lagu qasin jeermis-dileyaal kale, haddii kale fal-celin kiimikaad ah ayaa dhici kara, yaraynta waxtarka jeermiska iyo soo saarista walxaha waxyeelada leh.
3. U fiirso badbaadada shakhsi ahaaneed
Quaternary ammonium cusbowaa jeermis dila oo kayar, galoofyadana waa in la gashado marka la isticmaalayo, iyadoo laga fogaanayo taabashada indhaha iyo afka. Haddii la nuugo ama si lama filaan ah indhaha u gasho, isla markiiba nadiifi oo raadso gargaar caafimaad.
5. Falanqaynta Amniga
Inkastooquaternary ammonium cusbadajeermis-dileyaal si weyn loo isticmaalo, weli waa lagama maarmaan in fiiro gaar ah loo yeesho habka isticmaalka saxda ah inta lagu jiro isticmaalka si looga fogaado waxyeellada xun ee deegaanka deegaanka biyaha iyo noolaha biyaha.

Daraasadaha la xidhiidha ayaa muujiyay in isticmaalka saxda ah ee feejignaanta iyo jeermiska jeermiska, milixyada ammonium ee quaternary ay leeyihiin sunta yarnoolaha biyahaoo aan saameyn weyn ku yeelan doonin.

Mabda'a ficilka milixda ammonium quaternary eetrimethylamine oxide (TMAO)waxay inta badan ka muuqataa astaamaheeda surfactant iyo xasiloonida kiimikada:
Dhaqdhaqaaqa dusha sare: Themilix ammonium oo afar geesle ahqaab-dhismeedku waxa uu siinayaa hanti dual ah oo ah hydrophilicity iyo hydrophobicity, taas oo yareyn karta xiisadda dusha sare ee dareeraha. Saabuunta, sifadani waxay ka caawisaa in meesha laga saaro wasakhda saliidda: dhamaadka hydrophilic wuxuu isku daraa biyo, iyo dhamaadka hydrophobic wuxuu isku daraa saliid, samaynta miceles si loo daboolo wasakhda.
Xasilooni qaabdhismeed: Isku-xidhka ogsijiinta nitrogen (N → O) ee milixyada ammonium ee quaternary waa mid xooggan, kaas oo xasilin kara qaabka saddex-geesoodka ah ee borotiinnada. Nidaaminta cadaadiska osmotic, borotiinnada waxaa laga ilaaliyaa arrimaha denaturation sida urea iyo ammonia nitrogen iyada oo loo marayo isdhexgalka kharashka.
Hantida oksaydhaynta daciifka ah: Sida oksaydhiyaha khafiifka ah, atamka ogsijiinta ee ku jiramilix ammonium oo afar geesle ahQaab dhismeedka waxaa loo wareejin karaa walxo kale (sida falcelinta isku-dhafka aldehyde) iyo is-dhimista trimethylamine

Isku soo wada duubooquaternary ammonium cusbadasi badbaado leh ayaa loogu isticmaali karaa jeermiska jeermiska ee ku jira aquaculture, laakiin waa in fiiro gaar ah loo yeesho si loo saxo hababka isticmaalka iyo xoogaynta si looga fogaado waxyeellada noolaha biyaha.