Cusbada ammonium ee Quaternarysi badbaado leh ayaa loogu isticmaali karaa jeermiska dilakalluumeysiga biyaha, laakiin waa in fiiro gaar ah loo yeesho habka saxda ah ee loo isticmaalo iyo feejignaanta si looga fogaado waxyeelada soo gaarta noolaha biyaha.

1,Waa maxay cusbada ammonium ee quarternary
Cusbo ammonium ah oo Quaternary ahwaa jeermis dile dhaqaale ahaan, wax ku ool ah, oo si ballaaran loo isticmaalo oo leh qaacidada kiimikada (CnH2n+1) (CH3) 3N+X -, halkaas oo X - uu noqon karo Cl -, Br -, I -, SO42-, iwm. Xalka biyaha, wuxuu u muuqdaa sidii jel ama dareere wuxuuna si dhakhso ah u dili karaa noolaha yaryar sida bakteeriyada, fayrasyada, fangaska, iwm. Si fudud uma saameeyaan walxaha dabiiciga ah iyo adkaanta biyaha.
2,Mabda'a jeermiska dilaCusbada amooniyamka ee rubuca ah
Mabda'a jeermiska dila ee cusbada ammonium ee quaternary waa in la burburiyo xuubka unugyada iyo borotiinada bakteeriyada, taasoo keenta inay lumiyaan awooddooda ay ku koraan oo ay tarmaan. Saamaynta jeermiska dila ee cusbada ammonium ee quaternary waxay la xiriirtaa arrimo ay ka mid yihiin fiirsashada, qiimaha pH, waqtiga taabashada, iyo heerkulka.
3,Sida saxda ah ee loo isticmaalo cusbada ammonium ee quaternary
1. Xakamaynta xoogga saarista
Marka milixda ammonium ee quaternary loo isticmaalo jeermiska lagu dilo kalluunka kalluunka, fiirsashada waxaa loo baahan yahay in la xakameeyo iyadoo loo eegayo cabbirka iyo adkaanta jirka biyaha. Guud ahaan, isticmaalka milixda ammonium ee quaternary 0.1% -0.2% ayaa si wax ku ool ah u jeermi karta, laakiin ma dhaafi karto 0.5%.
2. Waqtiga xiriirka
Marka la isticmaalayo milixda ammonium ee quaternary si loo jeermi-dilo, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la hubiyo in si buuxda loo taabto dusha sare ee biyaha iyo biyaha. Guud ahaan waxaa lagu talinayaa in la jeermi-dilo 30 daqiiqo ilaa 2 saacadood.
3. Xakamaynta soo noqnoqoshada
Marka la isticmaalayo milixda ammonium ee quaternary si loo nadiifiyo jeermiska, waxaa sidoo kale loo baahan yahay in la xakameeyo inta jeer ee jeermiska la dilo. Isticmaalka xad-dhaafka ah wuxuu waxyeello u geysan karaa deegaanka deegaanka ee biyaha, guud ahaanna waa inaanu dhaafin hal mar usbuucii.
4, Taxaddarro
1. Ka hortag isticmaalka xad-dhaafka ah
Isticmaalka xad-dhaafka ah ee cusbada ammonium ee quaternary waxay kordhin kartaa tirada ammonia nitrogen iyo nitrogen ee ku jirta biyaha, taasoo saameyn ku yeelan karta deegaanka deegaanka ee biyaha waxayna horseedi kartaa dhibaatooyin sida dhimashada noolaha biyaha.
2. Ka fogow isku darka daawooyinka kale
Cusbada ammonium ee Quaternary waa in aan lagu qasin jeermis dileyaal kale, haddii kale waxaa dhici kara falgallo kiimiko ah, taasoo yareynaysa waxtarka jeermiska disha isla markaana keeni karta walxo waxyeello leh.
3. Fiiro gaar ah u yeelo badbaadada shaqsiyeed
Cusbo ammonium ah oo Quaternary ahwaa jeermis dile aan miridh lahayn, galoofisyadana waa in la xidhaa marka la isticmaalayo, iyadoo laga fogaanayo taabashada indhaha iyo afka. Haddii aad liqdo ama si kama' ah u gasho indhaha, isla markiiba nadiifi oo raadso caawimo caafimaad.
5, Falanqaynta Amniga
In kastooCusbada amooniyamka ee rubuca ahwaa jeermis dileyaal si weyn loo isticmaalo, weli waa lagama maarmaan in fiiro gaar ah loo yeesho habka saxda ah ee loo isticmaalo inta lagu jiro isticmaalka si looga fogaado saameynta xun ee deegaanka deegaanka biyaha iyo noolaha biyaha.

Daraasado la xiriira ayaa muujiyay in isticmaalka saxda ah ee soo noqnoqda ee uruurinta iyo jeermiska dila, cusbada ammonium ee quaternary ay leeyihiin sun yar oo ka hortagta sunta.noolaha biyaha ku noolmana yeelan doonto saameyn weyn oo ku saabsan.

Mabda'a ficilka milixda ammonium ee quaternaryoksaydh trimethylamine (TMAO)waxaa inta badan lagu muujiyaa sifooyinka surfactant-ka iyo xasilloonida kiimikada:
Hawlaha dusha sare: Thecusbo amooniyam afar geesle ahQaab-dhismeedku wuxuu siinayaa laba sifo oo ah hydrophilicity iyo hydrophobicity, taas oo yarayn karta xiisadda dusha sare ee dareeraha. Saabuunta, sifadani waxay ka caawisaa in laga saaro wasakhda saliidda: dhammaadka hydrophilic wuxuu isku daraa biyaha, dhammaadka hydrophobic-na wuxuu isku daraa saliid, isagoo sameeya micelles si uu u daboolo wasakhda.
Xasiloonida qaab-dhismeedka: Isku-xidhka oksijiinta nitrogen (N → O) ee cusbada ammonium ee quaternary waa mid xooggan, taas oo xasilin karta qaab-dhismeedka saddex-geesoodka ah ee borotiinnada. Xakamaynta cadaadiska osmotic, borotiinnada waxaa laga ilaaliyaa arrimaha denaturation sida urea iyo ammonia nitrogen iyada oo loo marayo isdhexgalka dallacaadda.
Hantida oksaydhaynta oo daciif ah: Sida oksaydh khafiif ah, atamka oksijiinta ee ku jiracusbo amooniyam afar geesle ahQaab-dhismeedka waxaa loo wareejin karaa walxo kale (sida falgallada isku-darka aldehyde) waxaana loo dhimi karaa trimethylamine.

Marka la soo koobo,Cusbada amooniyamka ee rubuca ahsi badbaado leh ayaa loogu isticmaali karaa jeermiska ka hortagga kalluunka ee beeraha biyaha, laakiin waa in fiiro gaar ah loo yeesho hababka saxda ah ee isticmaalka iyo xoogga si looga fogaado waxyeelada noolaha biyaha.